HIV and bone loss

Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2010 Dec;8(4):219-26. doi: 10.1007/s11914-010-0036-x.

Abstract

The use of antiretroviral therapy has significantly reduced the number of deaths due to HIV/AIDS. However, no current therapy can suppress the virus completely, and as the HIV-infected population continues to live longer new complications are emerging from the persistence of the virus and use of antiretroviral therapy. This review summarizes the clinical evidence linking HIV-associated osteoporosis to direct infection and antiretroviral therapy (ART) use. The purported molecular mechanisms involved in bone loss are also reviewed. Additionally, recommendations regarding the pharmacologic management of HIV/ART-related osteoporosis are given.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Retroviral Agents / adverse effects
  • Anti-Retroviral Agents / therapeutic use
  • Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
  • Bone Density / physiology
  • Bone Resorption / physiopathology*
  • Comorbidity
  • Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / physiology
  • HIV Infections / epidemiology
  • HIV Infections / physiopathology*
  • Humans
  • Osteoblasts / physiology
  • Osteoclasts / physiology
  • Osteoporosis / epidemiology
  • Osteoporosis / microbiology
  • Osteoporosis / physiopathology*
  • Osteoporotic Fractures / epidemiology
  • Osteoporotic Fractures / physiopathology
  • RANK Ligand / physiology
  • Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
  • Signal Transduction / physiology

Substances

  • Anti-Retroviral Agents
  • Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit
  • RANK Ligand
  • RUNX2 protein, human
  • Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
  • TNFSF11 protein, human